Solar Panels – How Do Solar Panels Work?
Certain materials react to the energy from sunlight and create and electric potential which can be used to power electronic devices. But it’s a bit more complex.
Today’s production of solar panels consists of using supremely pure silicone semi-conductor materials. These materials discharge electrons when persuaded and influenced by solar power. This creates a voltage difference as well as a flow of electricity. A photovoltaic panel is also called a ‘direct energy conversion device’ since all of these effects are taking place on an atomic level minus any moving parts.
PV panels used to be only available in space race technology. Satellites and space stations used them for their reliable and continuous conversion of solar power. The sun’s radiation is 50% stronger in outer space giving solar energy an advantage in that environment. Solar energy devices have been used extensively in the space program.
Those living far from an electrical grid, more than a mile, are more likely to use photovoltaic technology, especially in residential homes. Power transmission cables are much more expensive to install than a solar panel power array. It’s a good idea to consider solar power and your energy source if your are a long distance from the power grid.
To generate cost effective solar power, a sunny location is neccessary.Beam radiation is the strongest and most effective. Most of Western America qualifies…those states are good candidates for the use of solar energy, but northern climates and coastal states are usually quite cloud-laden and sadly, not worthy of 100% solar-reliance. You can search online for “solar insolation rates” to determine if your area is suitable for a solar energy system.
Specific needs and applications can be addressed with various solar panel set ups. The most common DC systems are rated 12 volt, 24 volt, and 48 volt. The life expectancy of 12 volt solar panels is well over 20 years and they fall in the range of 12-14% efficiency.
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